Three non‐eligible studies showed that a higher body mass index increased the risk of hypertension. A non‐eligible study also found long follow‐up time as risk factor. Risk factors reported by one eligible study were older age at screening and abdominal radiotherapy. The prevalence of hypertension ranged from 0% to 50% in 2464 participants (30/52 studies).
Carboplatin, nephrectomy and follow‐up time were other reported risk factors. Both non‐eligible studies investigating risk factors identified cisplatin as a risk factor. One non‐eligible study investigated risk factors for hypophosphataemia, but could not find any association.įour out of 52 studies, including 128 CCS, assessed the prevalence of hypomagnesaemia, which ranged between 13.2% and 28.6%. Prevalence ranged between 0% and 36.8% for hypophosphataemia in 287 participants, and from 0% to 62.5% for impaired TPR in 246 participants. However, studies were contradictory and incomparable.Įleven out of 52 studies assessed hypophosphataemia or tubular phosphate reabsorption (TPR), or both.
Risk factors, analysed by three non‐eligible studies, included HD cisplatin, (HD) ifosfamide, TBI, and a combination of nephrectomy and abdominal radiotherapy. Twenty‐two out of 52 studies, including 851 participants, studied proteinuria, which was present in 3.5% to 84% of participants. In addition, two non‐eligible studies showed an association of a longer follow‐up period with glomerular dysfunction. The majority also reported cisplatin as a risk factor. Four non‐eligible studies assessing a total cohort of CCS, found nephrectomy and (high‐dose (HD)) ifosfamide as risk factors for decreased GFR. One eligible study reported an increased risk of glomerular dysfunction after concomitant treatment with aminoglycosides and vancomycin in CCS receiving total body irradiation (TBI). Of these 52 studies, 36 studied a decreased (estimated) GFR, including at least 432 CCS, and found it was present in 0% to 73.7% of participants. Seven out of 52 studies, including 244 participants, reported the prevalence of chronic kidney disease, which ranged from 2.4% to 32%. This variation may be due to diversity of included malignancies, received treatments, reported outcome measures, follow‐up duration and the methodological quality of available evidence. The prevalence of adverse renal effects ranged from 0% to 84%. The 52 studies evaluating the prevalence of renal dysfunction included 13,327 participants of interest, of whom at least 4499 underwent renal function testing. In total, we included 61 studies 46 for prevalence, six for both prevalence and risk factors, and nine not meeting the inclusion criteria, but assessing risk factors. Apart from the remaining 37 studies included from the original review, the search resulted in the inclusion of 24 new studies.
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